California's at-large congressional district

After statehood was achieved September 9, 1850 until 1865, California elected its representatives statewide at-large — two representatives from September 11, 1850 to 1861, and 3 representatives from 1861 to 1865.

Also, from 1883 to 1885, California elected two of its six representatives to the United States House of Representatives statewide at-large.

List of representatives[edit]

Cong ress	Years	Representative		Electoral history	Representative		Electoral history	Representative		Electoral history
Cong ress	Years	Seat A			Seat B			Seat C
31	September 11, 1850 – March 3, 1851	George Wright	Independent	Elected in 1849. Retired.	Edward Gilbert	Democratic	Elected in 1849. Retired.
32	March 4, 1851 – March 3, 1853	Edward C. Marshall	Democratic	Elected late in 1851. Retired.	Joseph W. McCorkle	Democratic	Elected late in 1851. Lost renomination.
33	March 3, 1853 – March 3, 1855	Milton Latham	Democratic	Retired.	James A. McDougall	Democratic	Lost re-election.
34	March 4, 1855 – March 3, 1857	James W. Denver	Democratic	Retired.	Philemon T. Herbert	Democratic	Retired after manslaughter acquittal
35	March 4, 1857 – March 3, 1859	Joseph C. McKibbin	Democratic	Lost re-election.	Charles L. Scott	Democratic	Re-elected in 1858. Retired.
36	March 4, 1859 – March 3, 1861	John C. Burch	Democratic	Retired.	Charles L. Scott	Democratic	Re-elected in 1858. Retired.
37	March 4, 1861 – June 3, 1862	Timothy Phelps	Republican	Retired.	Aaron A. Sargent	Republican	Retired.	Vacant
37	June 3, 1862 – March 3, 1863	Timothy Phelps	Republican	Retired.	Aaron A. Sargent	Republican	Retired.	Frederick F. Low	Republican	Not permitted by the House to take his seat. Subsequently, qualified under special act of Congress.^{[citation needed]} Retired.
38	March 4, 1863 – March 3, 1865	Cornelius Cole	Republican	[Data unknown/missing.]	William Higby	Republican	Redistricted to 2nd district.	Thomas B. Shannon	Republican	Retired.
39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47	March 4, 1865 – March 3, 1883	Seat eliminated			Seat eliminated			Seat eliminated
48	March 4, 1883 – March 3, 1885	John R. Glascock	Democratic	Elected in 1882. Lost re-election in the 3rd district	Charles A. Sumner	Democratic	Elected in 1882. Lost re-election in the 2nd district.	Seat eliminated

Election results[edit]

In these elections, the top two vote-getters (three from 1861 to 1863) were elected to the House.

1849[edit]

The election was held November 13, 1849.

United States House of Representatives elections in California, 1849
Party		Votes	Percentage	Seats	+/–
	Independent	20,481	79.44%	1	+1
	Democratic	5,300	20.56%	1	+1
Totals		25,781	100.00%	2	—

California's at-large congressional district election, 1849
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Independent	George Washington Wright	5,451	22.0
	Democratic	Edward Gilbert	5,300	20.6
	Independent	Rodman M. Price	4,040	16.3
	Independent	Lewis Dent	2,129	8.3
	Independent	P. A. Morse	2,066	8.2
	Independent	E. J. C. Kewen	1,826	7.3
	Independent	William M. Shepard	1,773	7.2
	Independent	William E. Shannon	1,327	5.4
	Independent	Peter O. Halstead	1,271	2.4
	Independent	L. W. Hastings	215	0.9
	Independent	Pierson B. Reading	167	0.7
	Independent	W. H. Russell	96	0.4
	Independent	J. S. Thompson	72	0.3
	Independent	Kimball H. Dimmick	48	0.2
Total votes			25,781	100.0
Turnout

1851[edit]

The 1851 election was held October 7, 1851.

United States House of Representatives elections in California, 1851
Party		Votes	Percentage	Seats	+/–
	Democratic	48,784	53.92%	2	+1
	Whig	41,684	46.08%	0	0
	Independent	0	0.00%	0	–1
Totals		90,468	100.00%	2	—

California's at-large congressional district election, 1851
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Edward C. Marshall	24,469	27.0
	Democratic	Joseph McCorkle	24,315	26.9
	Whig	E. J. Kewen	21,460	23.7
	Whig	B. J. Moore	20,224	22.4
Total votes			90,468	100.0
Turnout

1852[edit]

The election was held November 2, 1852.

United States House of Representatives elections in California, 1852
Party		Votes	Percentage	Seats	+/–
	Democratic	79,268	53.38%	2	0
	Whig	69,232	46.62%	0	0
Totals		148,500	100.00%	2	—

California's at-large congressional district election, 1852
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Milton S. Latham	39,881	26.9
	Democratic	James A. McDougall	39,387	26.5
	Whig	P. L. Edwards	34,933	23.5
	Whig	G. B. Tingley	34,299	23.1
Total votes			148,500	100.0
Turnout

1854[edit]

The election was held September 6, 1854.

United States House of Representatives elections in California, 1854
Party		Votes	Percentage	Seats
	Democratic	95,178	58.0%	2
	Whig	69,152	42.0%	0
Totals		164,330	100.0%	2

California's at-large congressional district election, 1854
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	James W. Denver	36,819	22.4
	Democratic	Philemon T. Herbert	36,542	22.4
	Whig	G. W. Bowie	34,741	21.1
	Whig	Cal Bonham	34,411	20.9
	Democratic	J. Churchman	10,006	6.1
	Democratic	James A. McDougall (incumbent)	9,968	6.1
	Democratic	Milton S. Latham (incumbent)	1,843	1.1
Total votes			164,330	100.0
Turnout

1856[edit]

The election was held November 4, 1856.

United States House of Representatives elections in California, 1856
Party		Votes	Percentage	Seats
	Democratic	101,708	47.0%	2
	Know-Nothing	71,403	33.0%	0
	Republican	43,139	20.0%	0
Totals		216,250	100.0%	2

California's at-large congressional district election, 1856
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Joseph C. McKibbin	50,895	23.5
	Democratic	Charles L. Scott	50,813	23.5
	Know Nothing	B. C. Whitman	36,078	16.7
	Know Nothing	A. B. Dibble	35,325	16.3
	Republican	L. P. Rankin	21,975	10.2
	Republican	J. D. Turner	21,164	9.8
Total votes			216,250	100.0
Turnout

1859[edit]

The election was held September 7, 1859.

United States House of Representatives elections in California,
Party		Votes	Percentage	Seats
	Democratic	161,106	79.4%	2
	Republican	41,739	20.6%	0
Totals		202,845	100.0%	2

California's at-large congressional district election, 1859
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	John C. Burch	57,665	28.4
	Democratic	Charles L. Scott	56,998	28.1
	Democratic	Joseph C. McKibbin (incumbent)	43,474	21.4
	Republican	Edward D. Baker	41,438	20.4
	Democratic	S. A. Booker	2,969	1.5
	Republican	P. H. Sibley	301	0.1
Total votes			202,845	100.0
Turnout

1861[edit]

The election was held September 4, 1861.

United States House of Representatives elections in California, 1861
Party		Votes	Percentage	Seats	+/–
	Democratic	180,719	56.1%	0	-2
	Republican	141,402	43.9%	3	+3
Totals		322,121	100.0%	3	—

California's at-large congressional district election, 1861
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Timothy Guy Phelps	51,651	21.8
	Republican	W. L. Dudley	50,692	21.4
	Democratic	H. Edgerton	35,449	15.0
	Democratic	Joseph C. McKibbin	35,401	15.0
	Democratic	D. O. Shattuck	31,712	13.4
	Democratic	H. P. Barbers	31,591	13.4
Total votes			236,496	100.0
Turnout

California's at-large congressional election for seat added by reapportionment, 1861
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Frederick F. Low	39,059	45.6
	Democratic	F. Gunhal	24,036	28.1
	Democratic	J. R. Gitchell	22,530	26.3
Total votes			85,625	100.0
Turnout

1863[edit]

The election was held September 2, 1863.

United States House of Representatives elections in California, 1863
Party		Votes	Percentage	Seats
	Republican	194,882	69.1%	0
	Democratic	87,087	30.9%	0
Totals		281,969	100.0%	3

California's at-large congressional district election, 1863
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Cornelius Cole	65,085	23.1
	Republican	Thomas B. Shannon	64,914	23.0
	Republican	William Higby	64,883	23.0
	Democratic	John B. Weller	43,567	15.5
	Democratic	John Bigler	43,520	15.4
Total votes			281,969	100.0
Turnout

1882[edit]

California elected two at-large representatives in addition to its four representatives in districts in 1882. For these results see United States House of Representatives elections in California, 1882.

References[edit]

Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}

Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.

Congressional Biographical Directory of the United States 1774–present

California Elections Page 1849

California Elections Page 1850

California Elections Page 1852

California Elections Page 1854

California Elections Page 1856

California Elections Page 1858

California Elections Page 1861

California Elections Page 1862

Sources[edit]

Dubin, Michael J. (1998). United States Congressional elections, 1788-1997 : the official results of the elections of the 1st through 105th Congresses. Jefferson, N.C.: McFarland, 1998.

External links[edit]

California Legislative District Maps (1911-Present)

RAND California Election Returns: District Definitions

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