Meloidogyne incognita

; Meloidogyne incognita;
	; ;
; Scientific classification;
Kingdom:;	; Animalia;
Phylum:;	; Nematoda;
Class:;	; Secernentea;
Order:;	; Tylenchida;
Family:;	; Heteroderidae;
Genus:;	; Meloidogyne;
Species:;	; M. incognita;
; Binomial name;
	; Meloidogyne incognita; ;

Meloidogyne incognita is a species of nematodes (roundworms) in the family Heteroderidae. It is commonly called the "southern root-knot nematode" or the "cotton root-knot nematode". This parasitic roundworm has worldwide distribution and numerous hosts. It is an important plant parasite classified in parasitology as a root-knot nematode, as it prefers to attack the root of its host plant.

When M. incognita attacks the roots of plants, it sets up a feeding location, where it deforms, (destroys) the normal root cells and establishes giant cells. The roots become gnarled or nodulated (knobbly, rough, and twisted), forming galls, hence the term "root-knot" nematode.

M. incognita has been found to be able to move along shallower temperature gradients (0.001C/cm) than any other known organism,^[1] an example of thermotaxis. The response is complicated and thought to allow the nematodes to move toward an appropriate level in soil,^[2] while they search for chemical cues that can guide them to specific roots.^[3]^[4]^[5]

The life cycle has four juvenile stages and four moults (shed, cast).

References[edit]

^ Pline, Diez, and Dusenbery, J. Nematology, 20:605-608 (1988). Extremely sensitive thermotaxis of the nematode Meloidogyne incognita.

^ Dusenbery, D.B. Biological Cybernetics, 60:431-437 (1989). A simple animal can use a complex stimulus pattern to find a location,

^ Pline and Dusenbery. 1987. Responses of the plant-parasitic nematode Meloidogyne incognita to carbon dioxide determined by video camera-computer tracking. J. Chem. Ecol. 13 : 873-888.

^ Dusenbery. 1987. Theoretical range over which bacteria and nematodes locate plant roots using carbon dioxide. J. Chem. Ecol. 13 : 1617-1624.

^ Diez and Dusenbery. 1989. Repellent of root-knot nematodes from exudate of host roots. J. Chem. Ecol. 15:2445-2455.

Lamberti, Franco and Taylor, Charles Edwin (eds.) (1979) Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne species): systematics, biology and control Academic Press, New York, .mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}
ISBN 0-12-434850-5 ;

Diez, J. A., and Dusenbery, D. B. (1989) "Preferred temperature of Meloidogyne incognita" Journal of Nematology 21: pp. 99–104;

McCarter, James P. et al. (2003) "Analysis and functional classification of transcripts from the nematode Meloidogyne incognita" Genome Biology 4: R26, doi:10.1186/gb-2003-4-4-r26

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[1] Pline, Diez, and Dusenbery, J. Nematology, 20:605-608 (1988). Extremely sensitive thermotaxis of the nematode Meloidogyne incognita.

[2] Dusenbery, D.B. Biological Cybernetics, 60:431-437 (1989). A simple animal can use a complex stimulus pattern to find a location,

[3] Pline and Dusenbery. 1987. Responses of the plant-parasitic nematode Meloidogyne incognita to carbon dioxide determined by video camera-computer tracking. J. Chem. Ecol. 13 : 873-888.

[4] Dusenbery. 1987. Theoretical range over which bacteria and nematodes locate plant roots using carbon dioxide. J. Chem. Ecol. 13 : 1617-1624.

[5] Diez and Dusenbery. 1989. Repellent of root-knot nematodes from exudate of host roots. J. Chem. Ecol. 15:2445-2455.

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