Herbert Boyer
Herbert Boyer
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Herbert Boyer | |
|---|---|
 Herbert Boyer receiving Winthrop Sears Medal, 2005 | |
| Born | (1936-07-10) July 10, 1936 |
| Nationality | American |
| Alma mater | Saint Vincent College (B.S., 1958) University of Pittsburgh (Ph.D. 1963) |
| Awards | National Medal of Science (1990) |
| Scientific career | |
| Fields | Biology |
Herbert Wayne "Herb" Boyer (born July 10, 1936) is a researcher and entrepreneur in biotechnology. Along with Stanley N. Cohen and Paul Berg he discovered a method to coax bacteria into producing foreign proteins, thereby jump starting the field of genetic engineering. By 1969, he performed studies on a couple of restriction enzymes of the E.coli bacterium with especially useful properties. He is recipient of the 1990 National Medal of Science, co-recipient of the 1996 Lemelson–MIT Prize, and a co-founder of Genentech. He was professor at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) and later served as Vice President of Genentech from 1976 until his retirement in 1991.[1]
Life and career[edit]
Hebert Boyer was born in 1936 in Derry, corner of western Pennsylvania where railroads and mines were the destiny of most young men. He received his bachelor's degree in biology and chemistry from Saint Vincent College in Latrobe, Pennsylvania, in 1958. He married his wife Grace the following year. He received his PhD at the University of Pittsburgh in 1963 and participated as an activist in the civil rights movement. He spent three years in post-graduate work at Yale University in the laboratories of Professors Edward Adelberg and Bruce Carlton, then became an assistant professor at the University of California, San Francisco and a Professor of Biochemistry from 1976 to 1991, where he discovered that genes from bacteria could be combined with genes from eukaryotes. In 1977, Boyer's laboratory and collaborators Keiichi Itakura and Arthur Riggs at City of Hope National Medical Center described the first-ever synthesis and expression of a peptide-coding gene.[2] In August 1978, he produced synthetic insulin using his new transgenic genetically modified bacteria, followed in 1979 by a growth hormone.
In 1976, Boyer founded Genentech with venture capitalist Robert A. Swanson. Genentech's approach to the first synthesis of insulin won out over Walter Gilbert's approach at Biogen which used whole genes from natural sources. Boyer built his gene from its individual nucleotides.
In 1990 April, Boyer and his wife Grace gave the single largest donation ($10,000,000) bestowed on the Yale School of Medicine by an individual. The Boyer Center for Molecular Medicine was named after the Boyer family in 1991.[3][4]
At the Class of 2007 Commencement, St. Vincent College announced that they had renamed the School of Natural Science, Mathematics, and Computing the Herbert W. Boyer School.[5]
Among his professional activities, Boyer is on the Board of Directors of Scripps Research.[6]
Awards[edit]
- 1980 the Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research
- 1982 the Industrial Research Institute (IRI) Achievement Award[7]
- 1989 the National Medal of Technology
- 1990 the National Medal of Science from President George H. W. Bush
- 1993 Helmut Horten Research Award
- 2000 Biotechnology Heritage Award with Robert A. Swanson[8][9]
- 2004 Albany Medical Center Prize (shared with Stanley N. Cohen)
- 2004 Shaw Prize in Life Science and Medicine
- 2005 Winthrop-Sears Medal[10]
- 2007 Perkin Medal[11]
- 2009 CSHL Double Helix Medal Honoree
References[edit]
^ "The Pioneers of Molecular Biology: Herb Boyer". Time Magazine, March 9, 1981 cover of TIME. February 9, 2002. Retrieved May 4, 2010..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}
^ Itakura, K; Hirose, T; Crea, R; et al. (December 1977). "Expression in Escherichia coli of a chemically synthesized gene for the hormone somatostatin". Science. 198: 1056–63. doi:10.1126/science.412251. PMID 412251.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link)
^ Yale and Medicine, 1951–2001: 1991–2001
^ Boyer Center Homepage Archived 2010-08-13 at the Wayback Machine.
^ Saint Vincent College announces naming of the Herbert W. Boyer School of Natural Sciences – Saint Vincent College Archived 2007-12-31 at the Wayback Machine.
^ Seeking financial security, Scripps Research names new board members, San Diego Union Tribune
^ "2009 Honoree, Herbert W. Boyer, for Scientific Research", Double Helix Medals, 2009, accessed Feb. 8, 2012.
^ "Biotechnology Heritage Award". Science History Institute. Retrieved 21 February 2018.
^ Eramian, Dan (29 March 2000). "Genentech Founders Honored As Recipients Of Biotechnology Heritage Award". BIO. Retrieved 5 February 2014.
^ "Winthrop-Sears Medal". Science History Institute. Retrieved 23 March 2018.
^ "SCI Perkin Medal". Science History Institute. Retrieved 24 March 2018.
They Made America by Harold Evans (Little Brown, 2004) and in the subsequent WGBH television series.
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Categories:
- 1936 births
- American biologists
- American company founders
- American civil rights activists
- Biotechnologists
- Businesspeople in the pharmaceutical industry
- Genentech people
- History of genetics
- Lemelson–MIT Prize
- Living people
- Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences
- National Inventors Hall of Fame inductees
- National Medal of Science laureates
- National Medal of Technology recipients
- People from Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania
- Recipients of the Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research
- Saint Vincent College alumni
- University of California, San Francisco faculty
- University of Pittsburgh alumni
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