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Introduction





Flag of Massachusetts.svg


Massachusetts (/ˌmæsəˈsɪts/ (About this sound listen), /-zɪts/), officially the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, is the most populous state in the New England region of the northeastern United States. It is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the east, the states of Connecticut and Rhode Island to the south, New Hampshire and Vermont to the north, and New York to the west. The state is named after the Massachusett tribe, which once inhabited the east side of the area. The capital of Massachusetts and the most populous city in New England is Boston. Over 80% of Massachusetts's population lives in the Greater Boston metropolitan area, a region influential upon American history, academia, and industry. Originally dependent on agriculture, fishing and trade, Massachusetts was transformed into a manufacturing center during the Industrial Revolution. During the 20th century, Massachusetts's economy shifted from manufacturing to services. Modern Massachusetts is a global leader in biotechnology, engineering, higher education, finance, and maritime trade.


Plymouth was the site of the first colony in New England, founded in 1620 by the Pilgrims, passengers of the Mayflower. In 1692, the town of Salem and surrounding areas experienced one of America's most infamous cases of mass hysteria, the Salem witch trials. In 1777, General Henry Knox founded the Springfield Armory, which during the Industrial Revolution catalyzed numerous important technological advances, including interchangeable parts. In 1786, Shays' Rebellion, a populist revolt led by disaffected American Revolutionary War veterans, influenced the United States Constitutional Convention. In the 18th century, the Protestant First Great Awakening, which swept the Atlantic World, originated from the pulpit of Northampton preacher Jonathan Edwards. In the late 18th century, Boston became known as the "Cradle of Liberty" for the agitation there that led to the American Revolution.


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Aerosmith performing in Arnhem, Netherlands

Aerosmith is an American rock band, sometimes referred to as "The Bad Boys from Boston"and "America's Greatest Rock and Roll Band." Their style, which is rooted in blues-based hard rock, has come to also incorporate elements of pop, heavy metal, and rhythm and blues, and has inspired many subsequent rock artists. The band was formed in Boston, Massachusetts in 1970. Guitarist Joe Perry and bassist Tom Hamilton, originally in a band together called the Jam Band, met up with singer Steven Tyler, drummer Joey Kramer, and guitarist Ray Tabano, and formed Aerosmith. In 1971, Tabano was replaced by Brad Whitford, and the band began developing a following in Boston.

They were signed to Columbia Records in 1972, and released a string of multi-platinum albums, beginning with their 1973 eponymous debut album, followed by their 1974 album Get Your Wings. In 1975, the band broke into the mainstream with the album Toys in the Attic, and their 1976 follow-up Rocks cemented their status as hard rock superstars. Two additional albums followed in 1977 and 1979. Throughout the 1970s, the band toured extensively and charted a string of Hot 100 singles. By the end of the decade, they were among the most popular hard rock bands in the world and developed a loyal following of fans, often referred to as the "Blue Army".


Aerosmith is the best-selling American rock band of all time, having sold more than 150 million albums worldwide, including 66.5 million albums in the United States alone. They also hold the record for the most gold and multi-platinum albums by an American group. The band has scored 21 Top 40 hits on the Billboard Hot 100, nine number-one Mainstream Rock hits, four Grammy Awards, and ten MTV Video Music Awards. They were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2001, and were included among both Rolling Stone's and VH1's lists of the 100 Greatest Artists of All Time. On April 13, 1993, then-Governor William Weld declared the day "Aerosmith Day" in the state of Massachusetts.





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William S. Clark (1876)

William Smith Clark was a professor of chemistry, botany and zoology, a colonel during the American Civil War, and a leader in agricultural education. Raised and schooled in Easthampton, Massachusetts, Clark spent most of his adult life in Amherst, Massachusetts. He graduated from Amherst College in 1848 and obtained a doctorate in chemistry from Georgia Augusta University in Göttingen in 1852. He then served as professor of chemistry at Amherst College from 1852 to 1867. During the Civil War, he was granted leave from Amherst to serve with the 21st Regiment Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry, eventually achieving the rank of colonel and the command of that unit. In 1867, Clark became the third president of the Massachusetts Agricultural College (MAC), now the University of Massachusetts Amherst. He was the first to appoint a faculty and admit a class of students. Although MAC faced criticism at the time, Clark's success in organizing an innovative academic institution earned him international attention, which led the Japanese government to hire Clark as a foreign advisor to establish the Sapporo Agricultural College (SAC), now Hokkaido University.



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Quincy Center as seen from the intersection of Adams Street and Hancock Street

Quincy is a city in Norfolk County, Massachusetts. Quincy is the birthplace of former U.S. Presidents John Adams and John Quincy Adams, as well as statesman John Hancock. It was named after Colonel John Quincy, maternal grandfather of Abigail Adams and after whom John Quincy Adams was also named.

Prior to the settlement of the area by English colonists, a hill east of the mouth of the Neponset River near what is now called Squantum was the seat of the ruling Massachusett sachem, or native American leader, Chickatawbut. Called Moswetuset Hummock, it was visited by Plymouth Colony commander Myles Standish and Squanto, a native guide, in 1621. The area was first incorporated as part of Dorchester in 1630, and was briefly annexed by Boston in 1634. Following the American Revolution, Quincy was officially incorporated as a separate town in 1792, and was made a city in 1888.


Quicny is home to the Granite Railway, the first commercial railroad in the United States. The city has historically been known for its stonecutting and shipbuilding industries, and as the origin of the Howard Johnson's and Dunkin' Donuts restaurant chains.





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State facts





Location of Massachusetts in the United States

Location of Massachusetts in the United States





  • Capital: Boston


  • Governor: Charlie Baker (R)


  • Lieutenant Governor: Karyn Polito (R)


  • Secretary of the Commonwealth: William F. Galvin (D)


  • Attorney General: Maura Healey (D)


  • Treasurer: Deb Goldberg (D)


  • Auditor: Suzanne M. Bump (D)


  • U.S. Senators: Elizabeth Warren (D), Ed Markey (D)


  • U.S Representatives: Richard Neal (D), Jim McGovern (D), Niki Tsongas (D), Joseph Kennedy III (D), Katherine Clark (D), Seth Moulton (D), Mike Capuano (D), Stephen Lynch (D), William Keating (D)


  • Area: Ranked 44th in the US

    • Total: 10,555 sq miles (27,336 km²)


      • Width: 183 miles (295 km)


      • Length: 113 miles (182 km)


      • % Water: 25.7





  • Latitude: 41° 14′ N to 42° 53′ N


  • Longitude: 69° 56′ W to 73° 30′ W


  • Population:


    • Total: 6,349,097 (13th in U.S.)


    • Population Density: 809.8/sq miles (312.7/km²) (3rd in U.S.)




  • Median income: $ 46,721 (3rd, 2006)


  • Elevation:


    • Highest point: Mount Greylock 3,491 ft (1,064 m)


    • Mean: 500 ft (150 m)


    • Lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 ft (0 m)




  • Ratification of Constitution: February 6, 1788 (6th)



Atlas showing the location of the major urban areas and roads in Massachusetts

Atlas of Massachusetts with Greater Boston highlighted









Did you know





  • ... that a proud Massachusetts father commissioned award-winning composer Peter Child to compose a string quartet in honor of his son's birth?

  • ... that author Ephraim Emerton taught medieval ecclesiastical history at Harvard Divinity School for over 40 years?

  • ... that, during World War II, hundreds of vessels produced for the United States Navy at two different shipyards first entered the Atlantic Ocean at Hingham Bay in Massachusetts?

  • ... that the John Hancock Tower, in Boston, Massachusetts, won the Twenty-five Year Award thirty-five years after it was completed?

  • ... that the Bank of New England went bankrupt in 1991, but its liquidation is still in progress?


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In this month




A portion of the Granite Railway


  • October 1, 1974 – Boston National Historical Park, a collection of eight sites in Boston that were important to the American Revolution, is established.

  • October 5, 1860 – The Boston Aquarial and Zoological Gardens, a short lived public aquarium and zoo that featured a live beluga whale, opens to the public.

  • October 7, 1826 – The first commercial railroad in the United States, the Granite Railway (pictured), begins operations.

  • October 8, 1918 – During World War I, Weymouth-born Ralph Talbot becomes the first USMC aviator to earn the Medal of Honor

  • October 9, 1804 – The Storm of October 1804, also known as the Snow Hurricane of 1804, dumps three feet of snow on The Berkshires, sets a record 7 inches of rainfall in Salem, and sinks several ships in Boston harbor.


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Featured content




Featured articles





  • Featured article6th Regiment Massachusetts Volunteer Militia


  • Featured article21st Regiment Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry


  • Featured article22nd Regiment Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry


  • Featured articleSamuel Adams


  • Featured articleBen Affleck


  • Featured articleAll Souls (TV series)


  • Featured articleHerman Vandenburg Ames


  • Featured articleMuseum of Bad Art


  • Featured articleBlack Francis


  • Featured articleBoston


  • Featured article1689 Boston revolt


  • Featured articleUSS Constitution


  • Featured articleCalvin Coolidge


  • Featured articleEmily Dickinson


  • Featured articleW. E. B. Du Bois


  • Featured articleGodsmack


  • Featured articleOliver Wendell Holmes Sr.


  • Featured articleThomas J. Hudner Jr.


  • Featured articleHumpback whale


  • Featured articleAnne Hutchinson


  • Featured articleLexington-Concord Sesquicentennial half dollar


  • Featured articleLockdown (2008)


  • Featured articleJames Russell Lowell


  • Featured articleUSS Massachusetts (BB-2)


  • Featured articleMetacomet Ridge


  • Featured articleMary Margaret O'Reilly


  • Featured article1991 Perfect Storm


  • Featured articlePilgrim Tercentenary half dollar


  • Featured articleHenry Hoʻolulu Pitman


  • Featured articlePlymouth Colony


  • Featured articleEdgar Allan Poe


  • Featured articleRight whale


  • Featured articleMitt Romney


  • Featured articleMyles Standish


  • Featured articleTropical Storm Carrie (1972)


  • Featured articleSamuel Merrill Woodbridge



Featured lists





  • Featured listList of Boston Celtics head coaches


  • Featured listList of Boston Latin School alumni


  • Featured listList of Boston Red Sox first-round draft picks


  • Featured listBoston Reds (1890–1891) all-time roster


  • Featured listGodsmack discography


  • Featured listList of Boston Red Sox seasons


  • Featured listList of MBTA Commuter Rail stations


  • Featured listList of birds of Massachusetts


  • Featured listList of counties in Massachusetts


  • Featured listList of tallest buildings in Boston


  • Featured listList of colonial governors of Massachusetts



Featured pictures





  • Featured pictureFile:1937 all stars crop FINAL2.jpg


  • Featured pictureFile:Boston, 1775bsmall1.png


  • Featured pictureFile:Boston Massacre high-res.jpg


  • Featured pictureFile:Brandeisl.jpg


  • Featured pictureFile:Charles P. Stone2b.jpg


  • Featured pictureFile:Edgar Allan Poe 2.jpg


  • Featured pictureFile:Hurricane Bob 19 aug 1991 1226Z.jpg


  • Featured pictureFile:JFK library Stitch Crop.jpg


  • Featured pictureFile:John F Kennedy Official Portrait.jpg


  • Featured pictureFile:King Kelly 0554fu.jpg


  • Featured pictureFile:Massachusetts state coat of arms (illustrated, 1876).jpg


  • Featured pictureFile:Salem witch2.jpg


  • Featured pictureFile:The Gerry-Mander Edit.png








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Colors Blue, Green, and Cranberry

Motto
Ense petit placidam sub libertate quietem
Song
All Hail to Massachusetts
Bird
Black-capped Chickadee
Tree
American Elm
Flower
Mayflower
Bug
Ladybug
Mineral
Babingtonite
Fish
Cod
Beverage
Cranberry Juice
Fossil
Dinosaur Tracks
Soil
Paxton Soil




Related portals












WikiProjects





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U.S. states



Seal of Massachusetts.svg

Massachusetts



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Massachusetts State Highways



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Boston



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Boston Celtics



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Boston Red Sox



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Universities









Things to do











Here are some tasks awaiting attention:


  • Article requests :

     • Create Boston Neighborhood Section - locate and add existing Boston articles to Project

     • Create articles for all Massachusetts Newspapers and add newspapers and other publications that are not on the list.


  • Cleanup : Massachusetts articles needing attention


  • Expand : Blandford Ski Area, Polar Beverages


  • Featured article candidates : *


    • Featured article candidateJohn Adams




  • Featured list candidates : *


No results were found.

  • Featured sound candidates : *
    No results were found.


  • Good article nominations : *



    • Good article nomineeKatharine Lee Bates


    • Good article nomineeRobert Coles (settler)


    • Good article nomineeHighland Branch


    • Good article nomineeInterstate 91





  • Geographical coordinates : Massachusetts articles missing geocoordinate data


  • Infobox : Massachusetts articles needing infoboxes


  • Map : Requested maps in Massachusetts


  • Photo : Requested photographs in Massachusetts


  • Stubs : Stub-Class Massachusetts articles


  • Unreferenced : Unreferenced Massachusetts articles


  • Other : *Improve Massachusetts to featured article status.


  • Improve Government of Massachusetts to good status or better.


  • Improve Geography of Massachusetts to good status or better.


  • Improve Politics of Massachusetts to B status or better.


  • Update all cities, towns, counties, etc. government info section to reflect the changes in the senate delegation. (To keep uniformity throughout state articles, please use this update: The state's senior (Class I) member of the United States Senate is Elizabeth Warren. The junior (Class II) senator is Ed Markey.)


  • Standardize the articles on all 298 towns and 53 cities in Massachusetts.

  • Place the {{WikiProject United States|class=|importance=|MA=Yes|MA-importance=}} banner into Massachusetts related articles and assess









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