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Turbinidae








Turbinidae


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Turbinidae

Turbo cornutus 1.jpg
Three views of a shell of Turbo cornutus with the operculum in place

Scientific classification edit
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Mollusca
Class:
Gastropoda

Clade:
Vetigastropoda
Superfamily:
Trochoidea
Family:
Turbinidae
Rafinesque, 1815
Genera and species

See text



Turbinidae, the turban snails, are a family of small to large marine gastropod molluscs in the superfamily Trochoidea.[1]




Contents






  • 1 Description


  • 2 Etymology


  • 3 Taxonomy


    • 3.1 2005 taxonomy


    • 3.2 2008 taxonomy




  • 4 Distribution


  • 5 Genera


  • 6 References


  • 7 External links





Description[edit]


Turbinidae have a strong, thick calcareous operculum readily distinguishing them from the somewhat similar Trochidae or top snails, which have a corneous operculum. This strong operculum serves as a passive defensive structure against predators that try to enter by way of the aperture or that would break the shell at the outer lip.



Etymology[edit]


The common name turban snail presumably refers to the shell's similarity in appearance to a turban. However, the scientific name Turbinidae is based on the genus name Turbo, which is Latin for spinning top, a child's toy. The word turbine has a similar derivation.



Taxonomy[edit]


Previously[when?] they were classified in the subclass Prosobranchia, in the order Archaeogastropoda in the superfamily Trochacea. Trochaecea is now a synonym for the superfamily Trochoidea. However, this is a quite ancient group of gastropods, probably originating in the Permian period 298 to 250 million years ago.[2] They have typical primitive characters like the nacreous interior of the shell.



2005 taxonomy[edit]


Turbinidae belongs to superfamily Turbinoidea according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005).


This family consists of eight following subfamilies (according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005):



  • Turbininae Rafinesque, 1815 - synonyms: Senectinae Swainson, 1840; Imperatorinae Gray, 1847; Astraliinae H. Adams & A. Adams, 1854; Astraeinae Davies, 1935; Bolmidae Delpey, 1941


  • Angariinae Gray, 1857 - synonym: Delphinulinae Stoliczka, 1868


  • Colloniinae Cossmann, 1917

    • tribe Colloniini Cossmann, 1917 - synonym: Bothropomatinae Thiele, 1924 (inv.); Homalopomatinae Keen, 1960; Petropomatinae Cox, 1960

    • tribe † Adeorbisinini Monari, Conti & szabo, 1995

    • tribe † Crossostomatini Cox, 1960

    • tribe † Helicocryptini Cox, 1960




  • Moellerinae Hickman & McLean, 1990

  • † Moreanellinae J. C. Fischer & Weber, 1997

  • Prisogasterinae Hickman & McLean, 1990 - synonym: "Prisogastrinae" in Bouchet & Rocroi (2005) is a spelling error.[3]


  • Skeneinae W. Clark, 1851 - synonym: Delphinoideinae Thiele, 1924


  • Tegulinae Kuroda, Habe & Oyama, 1971



2008 taxonomy[edit]





Astraea rugosa (Linnaeus, 1767), a fossil turbinid from the Pliocene of Cyprus.


Turbinidae was redefined and moved to the redefined superfamily Trochoidea according to Williams et al. (2008):[4]Angariidae was elevated to family level, Colloniinae was elevated to family Colloniidae within Phasianelloidea,[4] Margaritinae was moved to Turbinidae from Trochidae.[4]


This family consists of five following subfamilies according to Williams et al. (2008):[4]



  • Turbininae Rafinesque, 1815 - synonyms: Senectinae Swainson, 1840; Imperatorinae Gray, 1847; Astraliinae H. Adams & A. Adams, 1854; Astraeinae Davies, 1935; Bolmidae Delpey, 1941

  • Skeneinae W. Clark, 1851 - synonym: Delphinoideinae Thiele, 1924 (upgraded to the rank of family Skeneidae)

  • Margaritinae Thiele, 1924 - tribes are sensu taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005) - upgraded to the rank of family Margaritidae

    • tribe Margaritini Thiele, 1924 - synonym: Margaritinae Stoliczka, 1868 (inv.)

    • tribe Gazini Hickman & McLean, 1990

    • tribe Kaiparathinini Marshall, 1993



  • Tegulinae Kuroda, Habe & Oyama, 1971: upgraded to the rank of family Tegulidae Kuroda, Habe & Oyama, 1971

  • Prisogasterinae Hickman & McLean, 1990


The following subfamilies (sensu Bouchet & Rocroi (2005) classification of subfamilies in Turbinidae) were kept in Turbinidae:




  • Moellerinae Hickman & McLean, 1990 - Moelleria was not included in the molecular studies performed in 2010.[4][5]

  • † Moreanellinae J. C. Fischer & Weber, 1997



Distribution[edit]


The family Turbinidae, as defined by Williams et al. (2008),[4] consist of clades, occurring in shallow and deep water. The family has a large distribution, from the tropics to the polar regions, but most of the species live in tropical and subtropical shallow waters.



Genera[edit]




The shell of Guildfordia yoka, a deep water turbinid


Genera in the family Turbinidae include:



Not belonging to any subfamily





  • Phanerolepida Dall, 1907


  • Tropidomarga Powell, 1951


Turbininae[6]




Lithopoma tectum




  • Astraea Röding, 1798


  • Astralium Link, 1807


  • Bellastraea Iredale, 1924


  • Bolma Risso, 1826


  • Cookia Lesson, 1832


  • Guildfordia Gray, 1850


  • Lithopoma Gray, 1850


  • Lunella Röding, 1798


  • Megastraea McLean, 1970[7]


  • Modelia Gray, 1850


  • Pomaulax Gray, 1850


  • Turbo Linnaeus, 1758 - type genus


  • Uvanilla Gray, 1850


  • Yaronia Mienis, 2011


Prisogasterinae Hickman & McLean, 1990


  • Prisogaster Mörch, 1850[3]


Genera brought into synonymy





  • Astrea Link, 1807: synonym of Astraea Röding, 1798


  • Agathistoma Olsson & Harbison, 1953: synonym of Tegula Lesson, 1832


  • Amyxa Troschel, 1852: synonym of Prisogaster Mörch, 1850


  • Calcar Montfort, 1810: synonym of Astralium Link, 1807


  • Canthorbis Swainson, 1840: synonym of Astraea Röding, 1798


  • Cardinalia Gray, 1842: synonym of Tectus Montfort, 1810


  • Crosseia P. Fischer, 1885: synonym of Crossea A. Adams, 1865


  • Cyclocantha Swainson, 1840: synonym of Astralium Link, 1807


  • Dinassovica Iredale, 1937: synonym of Turbo (Turbo) Linnaeus, 1758 represented as Turbo Linnaeus, 1758


  • Distellifer Iredale, 1937: synonym of Astralium Link, 1807


  • Foliastralium Habe & Okutani, 1980: synonym of Astralium Link, 1807


  • Galeoastraea Habe, 1958: synonym of Bolma Risso, 1826


  • Halopsephus Rehder, 1943: synonym of Turbo (Halopsephus) Rehder, 1943 represented as Turbo Linnaeus, 1758


  • Harisazaea Habe, 1958: synonym of Bolma Risso, 1826


  • Imperator Montfort, 1810: synonym of Astraea Röding, 1798

  • † Incilaster Finlay, 1926: synonym of Bolma Risso, 1826


  • Livona Gray, 1842: synonym of Cittarium Philippi, 1847


  • Lunatica Röding, 1798: synonym of Turbo Linnaeus, 1758


  • Macropelmus Gistel, 1848: synonym of Astralium Link, 1807


  • Margarita Leach, 1819: synonym of Margarites Gray, 1847


  • Micrastraea Cotton, 1939: synonym of Bellastraea Iredale, 1924


  • Notosetia Iredale, 1915: synonym of Putilla A. Adams, 1867


  • Okinawastraea Habe & Okutani, 1981: synonym of Astralium Link, 1807

  • † Oobolma Sacco, 1896 : synonym of Bolma'' Risso, 1826

  • † Ormastralium Sacco, 1896: synonym of Bolma Risso, 1826


  • Pachypoma Gray, 1850: synonym of Lithopoma Gray, 1850


  • Pagocalcar Iredale, 1937: synonym of Astralium Link, 1807


  • Pseudastralium Schepman, 1908: synonym of Bolma Risso, 1826


  • Pyramidea Swainson, 1840: synonym of Tectus Montfort, 1810


  • Pyramis Schumacher, 1817: synonym of Tectus Montfort, 1810


  • Rugastella Iredale, 1937: synonym of Astralium Link, 1807


  • Senobolma Okutani, 1964: synonym of Bolma Risso, 1826


  • Stella P. Fischer, 1885: synonym of Astralium Link, 1807


  • Submargarita Strebel, 1908: synonym of Lissotesta Iredale, 1915


  • Tharsiella Bush, 1897: synonym of Cirsonella Angas, 1877


  • Trochiscus G.B. Sowerby I, 1838: synonym of Norrisia Bayle, 1880

  • † Tylastralium Sacco, 1896: synonym of Bolma Risso, 1826


  • Valvatella Gray, 1857: synonym of Margarites Gray, 1847



References[edit]





  1. ^ Bouchet, P. (2014). Turbinidae Rafinesque, 1815. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=503 on 2014-07-28


  2. ^ Alf A., Kreipl K. & Poppe G. T. (2003) The Family Turbinidae, Subfamily Turbininae, Genus Turbo. In: Poppe G. T. & Groh K. (eds.): A Conchological Iconography: 68 pp., 95 colour plates, ConchBooks, Hackenheim, .mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}
    ISBN 3-925919-27-9.


  3. ^ ab Gofas, S. (2009). Prisogasterinae. In: Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S.; Rosenberg, G. (2009) World Marine Mollusca database. Accessed through the World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=382193 on 2010-04-19


  4. ^ abcdef Williams S. T., Karube S. & Ozawa T. (September 2008) "Molecular systematics of Vetigastropoda: Trochidae, Turbinidae and Trochoidea redefined". Zoologica Scripta 37(5): 483-506. doi:10.1111/j.1463-6409.2008.00341.x


  5. ^ Search for Moelleria, National Center for Biotechnology Information, accessed 19 April 2010.


  6. ^ Gofas, S. (2009). Turbininae. In: Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S.; Rosenberg, G. (2009) World Marine Mollusca database. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=225151 on 2010-04-19


  7. ^ Alf A. & Kreipl K. (2011) The family Turbinidae. Subfamilies Turbininae Rafinesque, 1815 and Prisogasterinae Hickman & McLean, 1990. In: G.T. Poppe & K. Groh (eds), A Conchological Iconography. Hackenheim: Conchbooks. pp. 1-82, pls 104-245.




  • Marshall, B.A. 1988. Skeneidae, Vitrinellidae and Orbitestellidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda) associated with biogenic substrata from bathyal depths off New Zealand and New South Wales. Journal of Natural History 22(4): 949-1004.

  • Vaught, K.C. (1989). A classification of the living Mollusca. American Malacologists: Melbourne, FL (USA).
    ISBN 0-915826-22-4. XII, 195 pp.

  • Williams S.T., Karube S. & Ozawa T. (2008) Molecular systematics of Vetigastropoda: Trochidae, Turbinidae and Trochoidea redefined. Zoologica Scripta 37: 483–506.



External links[edit]



  • Seashells of New South Wales : Turbinidae

  • Seashells of New South Wales: Skeneinae















Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Turbinidae&oldid=832870717"





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